Factual Report Text

 Factual report text or commonly called report text  is text which presents some information about thing, person, animal, scientific phenomena, or social condition. That information based on  the result of observation and analysis. The main purpose of factual report text is to give some information to the reader.

The Generic  structures of factual report text 

1. General Classification

This part contains the idea or the topic that will be explained in the text.This part usually written as the beggining of the text.

2. Description

This part contains the explanation of the information based on the topic. This part will be written after the general classification.

The Characteristics / Language Feature :

1. Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns, eg our dog.
2. Use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny particle.
3. Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, eg Emus cannot fly.
4. Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea.
5. You can use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather.
6. Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the clause.

Sometimes, we confuse to get differences between factual report text and descriptive text.  Both the report and descriptive text try to show rather than tell the reader about the factual condition of the object. To make it clear, here are the differences.

condition of the object. To make it clear, here are the differences :

Factual report text	Descriptive text
Describe the  common object	Describe the specific object
Objective based on the fact	Subjective based on the idea or opinion of the writer
Have a proof such as document, table, or chart	Writer’s own opinion
Scientific research text	Writer’s observation and opinion

 

 

 

Example: 

Blue Whale

The blue whale is not only the biggest whale living today; the blue whale is the biggest creature ever to have lived on Earth. They are mind-bogglingly gigantic; much larger than any of the dinosaurs. Blue whales and the other ocean giants live their whole lives in seawater.

Blue whales commonly reach the colossal length of 29m, that’s roughly as long as three London red double-decker buses parked end to end. Blue whales in the Southern Hemisphere are generally larger than those in the Northern Hemisphere and female blues are larger than males.

The longest blue whale on record is a female measured at a South Georgia whaling station in the South Atlantic (1909); she was 33.58m. The heaviest blue whale was also a female hunted in the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, on 20 March 1947. She tipped the scales at 190 tonnes which is equivalent to about 30 elephants or 2500 people.

Blue whales are now extremely rare due to uncontrolled commercial whaling. Some populations could be endangered to the point of extinction.

Cellphone

Cellphones or cellular phones are small portable radio phones. Mobile phones are often referred to as cordless or wireless phones.

This wireless telephone can make it easier for you to establish long-distance communication. The cellphone is connected to the cell site (the nearest base station) which is used to connect it to the main network on the telephone. Almost all regions of cellphone development are increasing, but if one cell phone with another has a long distance from the main cell, the new cell will take control in making calls. This will result in a call using new cells that are connected or called takeovers. Mobile users don’t know if their calls are moved to another cell. This happens because the takeover is done carefully and well.

Now the price of cellphones is cheaper because it is popular among many people and many who want to have it. Per month there is the lowest cellphone fee of US $ 30 to US $ 40. Because of its cheap purchases, now mobile phones have replaced the role of public telephones and coin phones except for residents who live in large numbers of cities.

Laptop

A laptop (Notebook) is a private portable computer that has an open lid that resembles a shell. For small laptops, it is usually called a netbook. Basically, notebooks with laptops are different, but because as time goes by, they both have almost the same shape. Then in 2014, laptops with notebooks were almost no different from each other. Laptops are widely used in several places such as in the fields of education, workplaces, and for personal multimedia facilities.

A laptop is a combination of several output and input components so that it creates a desktop display on a computer. This component consists of a keyboard, display screen, pointing device (trackpad or touchpad), speakers and so on. In the era of 2016 many laptops had built-in microphones integrated with the webcam. This type of computer can be charged to charge the battery using an AC adapter connected to the mains electricity. Laptops have several types and types based on hardware specifications. For example memory capacity and processor speed with variations in models, types and brands.

Now Read the following text and answer the questions!

1. Corona Virus

Coronavirus Disease-2019 or simply called Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by a new virus called SARS-Cov-2. This disease first identified in Wuhan, China, in the end of 2019. The virus widely spread over many countries and then in March 2020, WHO declared Covid-19 a pandemic. This disease attacks respiratory system. Covid-19 also makes people who get infected experience several symptoms. The common symptoms are fever, dry cough, and tiredness. Some also experience aches, sore throat, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, headache, and loss of taste or smell. Meanwhile the serious symptoms are shortness of breath, chest pain, and loss of speech. However, there are many who do not experience symptoms. It takes about 5-6 days to the symptoms to show. However, the incubation period takes 14 days. People who has mild to moderate illness usually can recover without hospitalization. Meanwhile those who experience serious symptoms have to seek medical attention. The virus spreads through the droplets when infected people sneeze or cough. Therefore, WHO gives the way to prevent infection such as washing hands regularly with soap and water, avoiding touching face, covering mouth and nose while sneezing or coughing, staying at home, refraining from smoking, and practicing physical distancing.

Source: World Health Organization (WHO)
1. What are the symptoms of Covid 19 disease?

A. Fever, dry cough and eyesore

B. Headache, Fever, loss of weight

C. chest pain, loss of speech, diarrhea

D. Sore throat, Conjunctivitis, tiredness

 

2. According to the text who is suggested to be hospitalized?

A. People with the light symptoms

B. People which has shortness of breath 

C. People with no serious symptoms

D. People which loss taste or smell

 

2. Platypus 

The platypus is a semi-aquatic mammal endemic to East to North Australia, including Tazmania. It is one of the five extreme species of mono-dreams. The only mammal that lays eggs instead of giving birth to live young. The body and the broad flat tail of these animals are covered with dense brown fur, that traps a lay including ear to keep the animals warm. It uses its tail for story joy fact. It has webbed feet and the large robbery’s net. These are species that are be closer to those of ducks, then to these any known mammals. Weight varies considerably from 0.7 to 2.4 kg with males being larger than females. And male averages 50 cm total length whiles the female major approximately 45 cm. The platypus has an average temperature of 32 degrees Celsius rather than 37 degrees Celsius that is typical of the placental mammals.

1. What animal is being described in the monologue?
A. Octopus.
B. Rhinoceros.
C. Platypus
D. Mosquitos.
E. Hippopotamus.

2. How much does the Platypus weigh?
A. 0.7 to 2.4 kg
B. 0.7 to 2.5 kg.
C. 0.7 to 2.6 kg.
D. 0.7 to 2.7 kg.
E. 0.7 to 2.8 kg.